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BACKGROUND: Nowadays, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) signal axis has been used extensively because of its biological effects and particularly a great progress has been achieved in the mechanism of SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis as well as in its use for tissue regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the factors affecting the regulation of SDF-1 and CXCR4 and to review the research progress in the biological characteristics of SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis. METHODS: The first author searched the PubMed, CNKI, WanFang and VIP databases for relevant articles published from January 1990 to August 2018. The keywords were "tissue engineering; cell homing; chemokine; regeneration; pulp regeneration; HIF-1; SDF-1; CXCL12; CXCR4; NOX-A12" in both Chinese and English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 plays a key role in the regulation of SDF-1, and there are multiple factors which can affect the expression of CXCR4. SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis formed by the combination of SDF-1 and CXCR4 plays an important biological role in various physiological and pathological processes. Blocking SDF-1 is used to inhibit the pathogenic effect of the SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis for therapeutic purposes, while increasing SDF-1 can strengthen the SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis and enhance the ability of chemotactic endogenous cell homing for tissue regeneration. To further illustrate the mechanism of the SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis, we upregulate or downregulate the expression of SDF-1 or CXCR4 by exogenous means to influence the biological function of the signal axis, and thus provide theoretical basis for optimizing clinical treatment strategies, and developing the biological function of the signal axis for human health benefits.
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BACKGROUND: Nowadays, stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) signal axis has been used extensively because of its biological effects and particularly a great progress has been achieved in the mechanism of SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis as well as in its use for tissue regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the factors affecting the regulation of SDF-1 and CXCR4 and to review the research progress in the biological characteristics of SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis. METHODS: The first author searched the PubMed, CNKI, WanFang and VIP databases for relevant articles published from January 1990 to August 2018. The keywords were "tissue engineering; cell homing; chemokine; regeneration; pulp regeneration; HIF-1; SDF-1; CXCL12; CXCR4; NOX-A12" in both Chinese and English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 plays a key role in the regulation of SDF-1, and there are multiple factors which can affect the expression of CXCR4. SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis formed by the combination of SDF-1 and CXCR4 plays an important biological role in various physiological and pathological processes. Blocking SDF-1 is used to inhibit the pathogenic effect of the SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis for therapeutic purposes, while increasing SDF-1 can strengthen the SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis and enhance the ability of chemotactic endogenous cell homing for tissue regeneration. To further illustrate the mechanism of the SDF-1/CXCR4 signal axis, we upregulate or downregulate the expression of SDF-1 or CXCR4 by exogenous means to influence the biological function of the signal axis, and thus provide theoretical basis for optimizing clinical treatment strategies, and developing the biological function of the signal axis for human health benefits.
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Objective@#To classify the morphology of mandible posterior region and provide reference for the planning of dental implantation.@*Methods@#Cone beam CT data of 208 patients were collected. The CT data were imported into CS 3D imaging V3 software and then the morphology of mandible posterior region were analyzed. The types of premolar and molar mandible cross-section morphology were recorded, classified and analyzed.@*Results@#The results showed that type A (vertical type) (79%-96%) was the most common in the premolars, whereas type B (inclined type) (36%-37%) and type C (lingual inverted concave) (30%-54%) were the most common types in the molars, followed type D (absorption severe type) (2%-5%). There was a statistically significant differences in tooth positions (P<0.001), tooth deficiency aspect (P<0.001) and different side (P=0.013), different age (P<0.001), and different gender (P=0.007).@*Conclusions@#Using cone beam CT to determine the morphology of mandible may be a reference for the planning of dental implantation.
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Objective: To determine the shear bond strength of different adhesive systems to superficial and deep dentin under simulated pulpal pressure. Methods: Occlusal surfaces of 72 sound extracted noncarious human molars were ground to obtain flat dentin surfaces(36 superficial and 36 deep dentin). Each dentin groups was randomly asssigned into 3 groups(n = 12): Clearfil SE Bond(SE), Clearfil S3 Bond(S3) and Prime&Bond NT(PB). All of samples were tested under simulated pulpal pressure. After bonding procedures with 3 adhesives respectively,all samples were covered with nail vanishi. The shear bond strength was tested after the samples stored for 24 h under simulated pulpal pressure. Results: The bond strength of PB to superficial and deep was (17. 11 ± 2. 71) and(11. 13 ± 3. 60) MPa(P ＜ 0. 05),that of SE (16. 53 ± 5. 29) and (14. 78 ± 4. 53) MPa(P＞ 0. 05),S3 (9. 08 ± 1. 74) and (8. 43 ± 1. 41) MPa(P＞ 0. 05). Conclusion: Bond strengths of phosphoric acid etching system decreases with an increase of dentin depth, that of two-step self-etch adhesive system is not affected by the depth.
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Objective To analyze and compare the anti-HCV reactivity,HCV nucleic acid detection results and HCV recom binantion immunoblot assay(RIBA) confirmatory test results in blood donors.Methods The blood samples collected from the volunteer blood donors from October 2013 to March 2015 were performed the HCV screening by using the domestic ELISA reagents from two different manufacturers and an imported nucleic acid detection reagent and matching detection system.The samples of anti-HCV reactivity or/and NAT detection positive were performed RIBA.Then the results of reactivity detected by two kinds of ELISA reagents,nucleic acid detection reagent and RIBA confirmatory test results were analyzed and compared.Results A total of 133959 samples of volunteer blood donors were detected,in which 113 380 samples covered the nucleic acid detection results,the reactivity samples proportion of anti-HCV detection was 0.19 ％ (252/133959),27 cases were positive in NAT detection with the positive detection ratio of 0.02 ％ (27/113 380);the proportion of HCV reactive samples confirmed by RIBA was 19.8 ％ (50/252),the negative proportion was 54.8％ (138/252),and the uncertain proportion was 25.4％ (64/252);27 samples of nucleic acid detection positive were double reagent reactivity in ELISA detection and positive in confirmatory test.The difference among the results of two ELISA reagents,RIBA confirmatory test results and nucleic acid detection results had statistical significance(P＜0.05).Conclusion The detection strategy selecting twice ELISA+1 kind of nucleic acid detection is more secure.Aiming at higher proportion of false positive samples,the follow up system of blood donors should be established for maximizing the retention of blood donors.
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Objective To develop a new-type animal dental stent for the experiment of canine pulp regeneration.Methods The stent was composed of an upper support frame,an oral limit bracket and a lower support frame,which were aligned from top to bottom.A sleeve joint was made for the connection structure of the bracket,and the height and the width both could be adjusted to adapt to different animals' mouths.The rubber dam could be spread into tension and concave form by rotating the upper and lower support frames' ends.Results By resizing the animal dental stent based on the structure of animal facies maxillaris,medical staffs could proceed the examination and treatment to animals effectively,including the throat examination,oral examination,oral care,dental treatment (such as root canal therapy and dental filling) and other medical behaviors.Conclusion The experimental result shows the feasibility of utilizing the stent in the process of animal experiment or diagnosis and treatment.Moreover,the stent proves the capacity in protecting the soft tissue,widening the vision of operation field,getting rid of the saliva contamination,which is worthy popularizing in animal experiments and animal medical care.
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Objective To investigate the problems during using, standard and quality management of the POCT glucose meters in hospital, to analyze the solutions, and to provide reference data for improving the test level of POCT in hospital.Methods The amount, brand and application of portable glucose meters in the hospital were obtained by 3 rounds of surveillance from May to July in 2013.All of those glucose meters were taken part in external quality assessment of Clinical Laboratory Center of National Health and Family Planning Commission.The test results of those glucose meters were compared with that of automatic biochemical analyzer, the comparison results were then analyzed.Results The POCT glucose meters possessed 5 brands in our hospital, and the amount and type of glucose meters in some clinical departments were often changed.When 4 brands which were detected as quality control samples by ministry of health, the accuracy of detection results of 3 concentration of brand Ⅲ were substandard, the CV% of two levels were 11.9%and 10.1%respectively, the remaining 3 brands were in line with the requirements.The qualified percentages of 3 times of comparison were 85.0%, 92.0%and 97.4%.Conclusions The hospital should select the brand of portable glucose meters reasonably, correct use of glucose meters, and it is very necessary to build indoor and interstitial quality evaluation system, at the same time, suggesting the hospital to establish the POCT quality management team, to carry out the instrument comparison periodically, so to guarantee the accurate, reliable results of POCT in hospital.
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Objective To study the clinical value of air-and hone-conduction auditory brainstem responses(ABRs) in children with congenital aural atresia.Methods Air-and bone-conduction clickevoked ABRs in 38 children with congenital external auditory canal atresia were compared to those in 34 normal-hearing children.Results ABR threshold were (65.0 ± 8.7) dBnHL for air conduction and (10.6 ±7.0) dBnHL for bone conduction in children with congenital external auditory canal atresia;and (25.6 ± 1.7) dBnHL and (9.7 ± 6.7) dBnHL respectively in normal hearing children.There was statistically difference between the two groups in air-conduction ABR threshold(t' =21.59,P ＜ 0.01).There was no significance between the two groups in bone-conduction ABR (P ＞ 0.05).While the air-bone ABR threshold gap was greater in children with external auditory canal atresia than in normal hearing children (t' =13.78,P ＜ 0.01),bone-conduction ABR wave latencies were not statistically different between the two groups(all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Bone conduction ABR is valuable in assessing fuuction of cochlea,auditory nerve and brainstem in individuals with congenital external auditory canal atresia.It has important clinical value in objective differential diagnosis of conductive deafness with combined application of air-and bone-conduction ABRs.
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Objective:To compare quantitatively the quality of the canal isthmus retropreparation among three kinds of ultrasonic ret-rotips.Methods:1 20 maxillary bicuspid teeth with two canals and an isthmus were randomly assigned to 3 groups(n=40).The canal isthmus retropreparation were made respectively using ultrasonic niti tip RE2,diamond tip Berutti and #25K file.Image processing and analysis system were used to measure the preoperative and postoperative parameters for further evaluation.Results:The cutting volume of ultrasonic niti tip RE2 group was significantly less than those of other two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Ultrasonic niti tip RE2 is feasible in the canal isthmus retropreparation.
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Objective:To evaluate the quality of root filling with Resilon/Epiphany Self-Etch(RESE).Methods:30 recently extrac-ted mandibular premolars were randomly divided into 2 groups.After root canal preparation,the roots in experimental group(n =1 4) were filled with RESE,those in control group(n =1 6)were filled with Gutta-percha/AH plus.The quality of the optical obturation was evaluated by X-ray photography.Results:The buccolingual X-ray scores of the two filling materials were higher than the mesiodistal sores(P 0.05).The mesiodistal X-ray score of RESE group was higher than that of Gutta-percha/AH plus group(P <0.05).Conclusion:The X-ray resistance of the RESE filling system is more favorable than Gutta-percha/AH plus for the evaluation of root filling quality by X-ray examination.
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Objective: To eliminate the noise of the plethysmography wave and obtain plethysmography wave signal without noise. Methods:Using sym4 and combining the improved wavelet threshold wavelet algorithm to remove high frequency white noise of plethysmography wave, and then using spline differential fitting method to remove baseline drift of pulse wave volume. Results:The experimental results show that the high frequency noise and baseline drift of plethysmography wave have been removed effectively processed by the sym4 wavelet and combining with improved threshold of wavelet algorithm and spline difference after fitting. Conclusion:The method can well remove the noise of the plethysmography wave and retains the effective information of plethysmography wave effectively.
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Objective:To compare the quality of the canal isthmus retropreparation among three ultrasonic retrotips.Methods:120 maxillary bicuspid teeth with 2 canals and an isthmus were randomly assigned to 3 groups(n =40).The canal isthmus were retro-preparated by ultrasonic Ni-Ti tip RE2,diamond tip Berutti and #25K file respectively.The quality of cavity margin,the number and type of the micro-cracks were evaluated by SEM.Data were statistically analysed by Kruskal Wallis Test of SPSS 13.0.Results:The cavity margin quality of ultrasonic Ni-Ti tip RE2 group was superior to that of other 2 groups(P =0.003);The number of micro-crack in Ni-Ti tip RE2 group was less than that of other 2 groups(P =0.003).The type of micro-cracks has no significant difference among the 3 groups(P =0.830).Conclusion:Ultrasonic Ni-Ti tip RE2 is feasible in the canal isthmus retropreparation.
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Objective To explore the therapeutic value of modified endoscopic submucosal dissection with ligation (ESD-L) for small tumors originated from gastric muscularis propria.Methods Total of 60 patients with tumors originated from gastric muscularis propria,which was confirmed by endoscopic ultrasonography and smaller than 12 mm and were recruited to the present study.The conventional ESD technique was used to dissect the tumor to the depth of muscularis propria.Then the bottom of the tumor and the beneath muscularis propria were ligated fully with a nylon loop.Further dissection was applied till the whole tumor was isolated.Results All 60 lesions were dissected completely with perforation occurred in 10 cases,which were managed successfully with metal hemoclip.Pathologic diagnosis was obtained in all lesions,and no recurrence was found during the follow-up.Conclusion Modified technique of ESD-L is effective for complete resection of small tumors originated from gastric muscularis propria,which can also decrease the risk of stomach perforation.
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Objective:To compare the quality of root-end preparation quantitatively between ultrasonic retrotips and traditional slow-speed handpiece. Methods: 27 maxillary second bicuspid teeth with two canals and an isthmus were randomly assigned to 3 groups.Root-end preparations were made respectively using ultrasonic diamond tip Berutti and niti tip RE2, ultrasonic 40~#K file and slow-speed handpiece with No.2 round bur. Image processing and analysis system were used to measure the preoperation and postoperation parameters for further evaluating the difference between the two techniques. Results: The cutting volume of ultrasonic instruments was less than slow-speed handpiece(P<0.000 1). Conclusion: Ultrasonic instrument is better in the root-end preparation than traditional slow-speed handpiece.
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Objective To screen monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for early diagnosis of invisive Aspergillus. Methods Monoclonal antibodies against different antigens of Aspergillus fumigatus were produced. The two pairs of combinations of monoclonal antibodies were selected accoring the distinct epitopes and double-antibody sandwich ELISA based on mAbs above were established. The sensitivity and specificity of the methods were analyzed by detecting culture supernatants of clinical isolates and environmental isolatesof Aspergillus. spp, Penicillium Marneffei, Candidas, and serum from animal models and patients. The epitopes recognized by mAbs were identified by immunobotting. Results A total of 32 hybridoma cell lines that stably produced MAbs were obtained. Two double- antibody sandwich ELISAs were established. One method was specific for 19 clinical isolates and environmental isolates of Aspergillus. spp, whereas the other one was specific for the clinical and environmental isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus without cross-reation with other Aspergillus. spp. For the same kind of medium of Aspergillus fumigatus, the sensitivity of the first method was 10 fold higher than the second method. Conclusions The specific mAbs for early diagnosis of invisive Aspergillus were obtained. Antigen recognized by the specific mAbs was mannoprotein with molecular weights of approximately 25 000-75 000. This antigen was potential early diagnostic marker for invasive Aspergillus.
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With the occurrence of wireless sensor networks,low-load monitoring has a revolutionary change.Using wireless sensor networks,the whole monitoring system is composed of wireless electrocardiogram(ECG)sensors and wireless pulse wave sensors.Pulse wave signals from the temporal artery and ECG signals from the body synchronously were measured.Pulse Wave Transit Time was calculated.Both the wireless ECG sensor and the wireless pulse wave sensor were small sized and powered by button battery;the precision of time synchronization among sensors was less than 1 ms.The calculated Pulse Wave Transit Time changed slowly with deep breathing.The system iS able to work smoothly for continuous monitoting of Pulse Wave Transit Time in working conditions.
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@#ObjectiveTo observe the therapeutic effect of early comprehensive rehabilitation and the value of intensity time (I/t) curve examine for peripheral facial paralysis.Methods89 patients with peripheral facial paralysis were treated by early comprehensive rehabilitation program in 1 week and were examined by I/t curve in 10～20 days.ResultsThe rate of the cure and excellent was 93.26%.Normal nerve detected by I/t curve were 62.92% and partial denervation were 37.08%.ConclusionPatients with peripheral facial paralysis who were treated by early comprehensive rehabilitation will have good prognosis. As a kind of examine ways, I/t curve can be used in clinic.
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Objective The aim of the study was to analyse the middle ear function of one hundred and twenty-five newborns using 226,678,1 000 Hz tympanometry. Methods Tympanometries with 226,678,1 000 Hz probe tones were obtained from 125 newborns (250 ears) by means of GSI Tympstar middle ear analyzer. The newborns with abnormal tympanograms were referred for temporale CT. Results One case of 226 Hz tympanograms was type "As" while others were all type "A",of which single-peaked tympanograms was 43.2%(108/250),W-shaped tympanograms was 56.8%(142/250). The abnormal pattern of 678 Hz tympanograms were 74 ears,and the abnormal pattern of 1 000 Hz tympanograms were 35 ears. 43 newborns (86 ears) have accepted temporale CT and results showed 30 middle ears with effusion. Conclusion 226 Hz probe tone tympanometry couldn't reflect the middle ear function of newborns. The sensitivity of 678 Hz probe tone tympanometry in the diagnosis of middle ear function of newborns was good,but specificity was worse. The sensitivity and specificity of 1 000 Hz probe tone tympanometry were the best.
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Objective To study the effects of multi frequency tympanometry and acoustic stapedius reflexes on the diagnosis of the middle ear functions of infants.Methods Tympanometries with 226,678 and 1 000 Hz probe tones and 500 and 1 000 Hz acoustic stapedius reflexes were performed on infants at age 0~1 year.128 normal infants(256 ears) and 104 abnormal infants(168 ears) were tested with GSI Tympstar middle ear analyzer.Results The patterns of 226 Hz tympanograms were non-peaked,single-peaked and W-shaped.There were no significant differences between two groups of infants aged 0～6 months.The patterns of 678 Hz and 1 000 Hz tympanograms showed significant differences between two groups of infants aged 0～1 year.The outcomes of 500 Hz and 1 000 Hz acoustic stapedius reflexes showed no differences between the same age groups.There were significant differences between normal group and abnormal group.Conclusion Tympanometry with 678 Hz and 1 000 Hz probe tones can yield accurate diagnostic results in the assessment of the middle ear functions for infants younger than six months.The tympanometry with three frequency probe tones is sensitive to infants aged 6～12 months.The outcomes of acoustic stapedius reflexes at 500 and 1 000 Hz show no differences between the same age groups,but presences become more noticeable as a function of ages.